Railway-tie plate.



No. 727,037. PATENTED MAY 5 1903. D. O. WARD.

RAILWAY TIE PLATE,

APPLIUATIQH FILED OUT. 231 1901.

3 SHEETS-SHEETL.

H0 MODEL.

PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

7 1). 0 WARD.

RAILWAY TIE PLATE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 23. 1901.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

7 T E] J @My /M fio ny 7 No. 727,037. PATENTED MAY 5, 1903.

5 D. O. WARD. v

RAILWAY TIE PLATE.

APPLICATION IIL ED OCT. 23. 1901.

.80 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W Q w Iii A mu m m: Npnms PETERS 00,. PNoYauTna, WASHINGTON. n. c.

UNITED STAT-ES Patented May 5, 1903.

PATENT Orrrcn.

DANIEL O. WARD, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO WARD RAILWAY SUPPLY CO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

RAILWAY-TIE PLATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,037, dated May 5, 1903.

Application filed October 23, 1901. Serial No. 79,657. No m del) To all whom it may concern: 7

Beit known that I, DANIEL O.WARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway-Tie Plates, of which the following is a description.

The object of my invention is to produce a more durable, efficient, and economical tieplate than those now in general use.

To this end my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement, and combination of parts herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, wherein like referenceletters indicate like or corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a bottom plan of my improved tie-plate. Fig. 2 is a top plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a section in line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 7, and 9 are bottom plan views of modified forms of my improvement. Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the tie-plate shown in Fig. 4:. Fig. 6 is a sectional viewin line 6 6 of Fig. 4'. Fig. 8 is an edge view of the plate shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a similar view of the plate shown in Fig. 9; and Fig. 11 is a bottom view of a horizontal section of my tie, showing the operation of my improved tie-plate when in use. Fig. 12 shows a modification.

In the drawings, A represents a suitable metal plate provided on its lower surface with a plurality of protruding calks B, preferably substantially circular in crosssection and suitably pointed to be driven in a tie of compressible material. The calks may be arranged as preferred and be of such number and such length as may be desired. 'In the preferred form they are separated a suitable distance to secure the efiect of securing the plate to the tie by a plurality of calks similar to wire nails formed integral with the plate. As thus constructed, the fiber of the tie is not cut or weakened, but is pressed aside, and the resiliency of the compressed fiber prevents the ready withdrawal or acci: dental loosening of the calks in the us'e' of the plate. By this method also ties' having knotty surfaces are readily penetrated, so

that the plate will lie flat upon-the upper surface of the tie. In ties of this character difficulty has been found with plates having long fiangesor ribs, for the reason that it is difficult to drive said flanges into a knot, and the plate will lie unevenly upon the tie.

In the preferred form I provide one or more stifiening' blades, ribs, or fins C upon the lower surface of the plate, extending longitudinally the plate and preferably located as shown in Fig. 1. These blades or fins may extend the full length of the plate, but are preferably shorter, as shown. They are constructed to enter the tie longitudinally between the fibers or grain and without cutting the same and serve to more firmly compress the material of the tie upon the calks. They also prevent the buckling of the plate and overcome a tendency of lateral displacement of the same. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the blades or fins C are three (3) in number, the two outer blades being ofiset outside the line of the outer row of calks. The object of this construction is'to obviate the tendency to split the tie, which might be caused by forcing the calks and blade into the tie on the same line. While this form is preferred, it is not insisted upon, as the forms shown in Figs. 4: and 6, in whichthe blades and calks are in line, will give satisfactory results.

In the form shown in Figs. 9 and 10 the calks B are square in cross-section and so arranged that the angles will not cross the grain of the wood and cut the same. Inasmuch as in this formthere isa greater tendency to cut or break the grain, however, such form is considered an inferior equivalent of the round calk. When oombined'with the blades 0, however, the resultwill be satisfactory, though it is believed it will be inferior to the form shown inFigs; 1 and 4..

In the preferred form the upper surface of the plate is provided with a transverse rib or shoulder a, arranged near one end, against whiohthe base of the rail may be positioned. The plate is also provided with the usual spike holes or openings at a. As shown in Fig. 2, one spike-opening is reinforced by being located in the raised shoulder a, while the other is reinforced by a raised collar or shoulder a thus giving greater durability to the plate. This form is preferred for strength and durability.

Fig. 11 illustrates the effect of forcing the calks into the tie in which the grain is not broken, and the material is pressed about the calks, thus insuring the best results. The grain of the tie does not always run straight or parallel to a longitudinal section of the tiethat is, it may be at an angle to the line of the tie-plate, and in such case the fibers are crossed and cut by the blades now in general use on tie-plates. Hence the tie loses much of the elastic or gripping force of the material. In my construction the stiffening blades or fins give sufficient strength without cutting the fiber, while the plurality of the calks entering the material at different points also do not cut the grain, but perfectly secure the plate to the tie. As before stated, the effect is the same as though the" plate were nailed to the tie with wire nails- It is obvious that after having thus described my improvement immaterial modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. Hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form and construction shown.

It will be observed that in the preferred form shown the calks are not conical nor pyramidal in form, but that the body is substantially the same size throughout nearly its length, the outerend being reduced or pointed to permit it to be readily driven into the tie and at the same time not cut the grain. Pyramidal or conical forms will not cling to the tie, inasmuch as the depression is formed with its apex in the tie and is regularly enlarged outward. In the preferred form shown in the'drawings the calks cling to the tie in the same manner a wire nail does, as before referred to. This is an important feature in the preferred form of my construction, and when combined with the blades or fins O, which compress the material firmly about said calks, the result is to firmly attach the tieplate to the tie, preventing all movement thereon, including creeping.

I am aware of the patent issued to W. H. Wilson July 10, 1894, No. 522,867, and do not claim the invention therein shown or any part thereof.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A tie-plate, comprising a broad metal plate, provided on its lowersurface with aplurality of protruding pins formed integral with said plate, each formed with a substantially straight body, having its outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie.

2. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided on its lower surface with a plurality of protruding calks, each being substantially round in cross-section, and formed with a substantially straight-body throughout nearly its length, and having the outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie.

3. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, having spike-openings formed therein, in combination with a plurality of integral calks protruding from its lower surface, each of said calks being formed with a substantially straight body throughout nearly its length, and having the outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie.

4. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided on its lower surface with a plurality of protruding calks, each formed with a substantially straight body, having its outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie, in combination with one or more blades or fins extending longitudinally the tie, between the calks, and adapted to compress the material of the tie about the calks, substantially as described.

5. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided on its lower surface with a plurality of protruding calks, each substantially circular in cross -section and with a straight body substantially its length, with the outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie, in combination with one or more stiffening blades or fins C, formed to extend longitudinally the grain of the tie, and provided with wedge-shaped edges adapted to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. A tie-plate, comprising a metal tie, having spike-openings formed therein, and provided with a plurality of protruding calks extending from its lower surface, each of said calks being substantially round in cross-section, and straight substantially its entire length, and having the outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the calk into a tie, in combination with one or more blades or fins 0, formed to extend longitudinally the tie when the plate is in position, and provided with wedge-shaped edges adapted to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as described.

7. A tie-plate, comprising a broad metal plate, provided with a transverse shoulder on its upper surface near one end, against which the edges of the rail may be positioned, in combination with a plurality of protruding pins, arranged on its lower surface and intogral therewith, each formed with a substantially straight body, and having its outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie.

S. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided with spike-openings, and a transverse shoulder on its upper surface near one end against which the edge of the rail may be positioned, and a plurality of calks pro truding from its lower surface, each formed with a substantially straight body having its outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie, in combination with one or more blades or fins 0, extending longitudinally the tie when the plate is in position, and formed with wedge shaped edges adapted to be driven into the tie, substantially as described.

9. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate,-

provided with a plurality of calks protruding from the lower surface of the plate, each formed with a substantially straight body having the outer end tapered or reduced to facilitate driving the same into a tie, in com bination with a plurality of blades or fins'arranged longitudinally onthe plate and offset from the line of calks in proximity thereto, said fins being provided with wedge-shaped edges adapted to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as described.

10. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided with spike openings, having its lower surface provided with a plurality of protruding calks adapted to be driven into a tie, in combination with a plurality of stifiening blades or fins, arranged longitudinally thereon, said fins being ofiset'from a line of calks and provided'with sharp edges adapted to be driven in the tie, substantially as described.

11. A tie-plate, comprisinga metal plate, provided on its lower surface with a plurality of protruding calks adapted to be driven into a tie, in combination with a central fin or shoulder O, shorter than the plate and provided with tapered edges adapted to be driven into a tie, and one or more calks 13, arranged between the ends of the fin D, and the ends' combination with a plurality of extending calks arranged in the space between the ad-' jacent fins, and formed to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as described.

13. A tie-plate, comprising a'metal plate, provided on its lower surface with a plurality of longitudinally-extending fins orblades shorter than'th'e plate, and a plurality of calks B, arranged between the ends of said fins and the ends of the plate, and formed to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as described.

14:. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided with a stiffening blade or fin near each edge thereof, and a central blade or fin arranged between the two, said fins being shorter than the tieplate, in" combination with a plurality of extending calks, arranged between the adjacent fins, and a plurality of calks arranged in the space between the ends of said fins and the ends of the tie-plate, said calks being formed to be readily driven into the tie, substantially as described.

15. A tie-plate, comprising a metal plate, provided with a longitudinal stiffening blade or fin near each edge thereof, and a central blade or fin arranged between the two, said fins being shorter than the tie-plate, in combination with a plurality of calks arranged between the ends of the edge fins and the end of the plate, but offset from the former, one or more calks arranged'between' the ends of the central fin and the end of theplate, and calks'arranged in the space between adjacent fins, substantially as described.

DANIEL O. \VARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN W.HILL, CHARLES I. COBB. 

